Volume 6, Book 60, Number 72:
Narrated Abu Wail:
‘Abdullah bin Masud said, “Allah’s Apostle said, ‘Whoever takes an oath when asked to do so, in
which he may deprive a Muslim of his property unlawfully, will meet Allah Who will be angry with
him.’ So Allah revealed in confirmation of this statement:–“Verily! Those who Purchase a small gain
at the cost of Allah’s Covenant and oaths, they shall have no portion in the Hereafter…” (3.77) Then
entered Al-Ash’ath bin Qais and said, “What is Abu ‘Abdur-Rahman narrating to you?” We replied,
‘So-and-so.” Al-Ash’ath said, “This Verse was revealed in my connection. I had a well in the land of
my cousin (and he denied my, possessing it). On that the Prophet said to me, ‘Either you bring for –
ward a proof or he (i.e. your cousin) takes an oath (to confirm his claim)’ I said, ‘I am sure he would
take a (false) oath, O Allah’s Apostle.’ He said, ‘If somebody takes an oath when asked to do so
through which he may deprive a Muslim of his property (unlawfully) and he is a liar in his oath, he
will meet Allah Who will be angry with him.’ “
Volume 6, Book 60, Number 73:
Narrated ‘Abdullah bin Abu Aufa:
A man displayed some merchandise in the market and took an oath that he had been offered a
certain price for it while in fact he had not, in order to cheat a man from the Muslims. So then was
revealed:–“Verily! Those who purchase a small gain at the cost of Allah’s Covenant and their
oaths…”(3.77)
Volume 6, Book 60, Number 74:
Narrated Ibn Abu Mulaika:
Two women were stitching shoes in a house or a room. Then one of them came out with an awl
driven into her hand, and she sued the other for it. The case was brought before Ibn ‘Abbas, Ibn ‘Ab –
bas said, “Allah’s Apostle said, ‘If people were to be given what they claim (without proving their
claim) the life and property of the nation would be lost.’ Will you remind her (i.e. the defendant), of
Allah and recite before her:–“Verily! Those who purchase a small gain at the cost of Allah’s Coven –
ant and their oaths…”(3.77)
So they reminded her and she confessed. Ibn ‘Abbas then said, “The Prophet said, ‘The oath is to be
taken by the defendant (in the absence of any proof against him).”
Volume 6, Book 60, Number 75:
Narrated Ibn Abbas:
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Abu Sufyan narrated to me personally, saying, “I set out during the Truce that had been concluded
between me and Allah’s Apostle. While I was in Sham, a letter sent by the Prophet was brought to
Heraclius. Dihya Al-Kalbi had brought and given it to the governor of Busra, and the latter forwar –
ded it to Heraclius. Heraclius said, ‘Is there anyone from the people of this man who claims to be a
prophet?’ The people replied, ‘Yes.’ So I along with some of Quraishi men were called and we entered
upon Heraclius, and we were seated in front of him. Then he said, ‘Who amongst you is the nearest
relative to the man who claims to be a prophet?’ So they made me sit in front of him and made my
companions sit behind me. Then he called upon his translator and said (to him). ‘Tell them ( i.e. Abu
Sufyan’s companions) that I am going to ask him (i.e. Abu Sufyan) regarding that man who claims to
be a prophet. So, if he tell me a lie, they should contradict him (instantly).’ By Allah, had I not been
afraid that my companions would consider me a liar, I would have told lies. Heraclius then said to
his translator, ‘Ask him: What is his (i.e. the Prophet’s) family status amongst you? I said, ‘He belongs
to a noble family amongst us.” Heraclius said, ‘Was any of his ancestors a king?’ I said, ‘No.’ He said,
‘Did you ever accuse him of telling lies before his saying what he has said?’ I said, ‘No.’ He said, ‘Do
the nobles follow him or the poor people?’ I said, ‘It is the poor who followed him.’ He said, ‘Is the
number of his follower increasing or decreasing?’ I said, ‘The are increasing.’ He said, ‘Does anyone
renounce his religion (i.e. Islam) after embracing it, being displeased with it?’ I said, ‘No.’ He said,
‘Did you fight with him?’ I replied, ‘Yes.’ He said, ‘How was your fighting with him?’ I said, ‘The fight –
ing between us was undecided and victory was shared by him and us by turns. He inflicts casualties
upon us and we inflict casualties upon him.’ He said, ‘Did he ever betray?’ I said, ‘No, but now we are
away from him in this truce and we do not know what he will do in it” Abu Sufyan added, “By Allah,
I was not able to insert in my speech a word (against him) except that. Heraclius said, ‘Did anybody
else (amongst you) ever claimed the same (i.e. Islam) before him? I said, ‘No.’ Then Heraclius told his
translator to tell me (i.e. Abu Sufyan), ‘I asked you about his family status amongst you, and you told
me that he comes from a noble family amongst you Verily, all Apostles come from the noblest family
among their people. Then I asked you whether any of his ancestors was a king, and you denied that.
Thereupon I thought that had one of his fore-fathers been a king, I would have said that he (i.e.
Muhammad) was seeking to rule the kingdom of his fore-fathers. Then I asked you regarding his
followers, whether they were the noble or the poor among the people, and you said that they were
only the poor (who follow him). In fact, such are the followers of the Apostles. Then I asked you
whether you have ever accused him of telling lies before saying what he said, and your reply was in
the negative. Therefore, I took for granted that a man who did not tell a lie about others, could ever
tell a lie about Allah. Then I asked you whether anyone of his followers had renounced his religion
(i.e. Islam) after embracing it, being displeased with it, and you denied that. And such is Faith when it
mixes with the cheerfulness of the hearts. Then I asked you whether his followers were increasing or
decreasing You claimed that they were increasing. That is the way of true faith till it is complete.
Then I asked you whether you had ever fought with him, and you claimed that you had fought with
him and the battle between you and him was undecided and the victory was shared by you and him
in turns; he inflicted casual ties upon you and you inflicted casualties upon them. Such is the case
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with the Apostles; they are out to test and the final victory is for them. Then I asked you whether he
had ever betrayed; you claimed that he had never betrayed. I need, Apostles never betray. Then I
asked you whether anyone had said this statement before him; and you denied that. Thereupon I
thought if somebody had said that statement before him, then I would have said that he was but a
man copying some sayings said before him.” Abu Safyan said, “Heraclius then asked me, ‘What does
he order you to do?’ I said, ‘He orders us (to offer) prayers and (to pay) Zakat and to keep good rela –
tionship with the Kith and kin and to be chaste.’ Then Heraclius said, ‘If whatever you have said, is
true, he is really a prophet, and I knew that he ( i.e. the Prophet ) was going to appear, but I never
thought that he would be from amongst you. If I were certain that I can reach him, I would like to
meet him and if I were with him, I would wash his feet; and his kingdom will expand (surely to what
is under my feet.’ Then Heraclius asked for the letter of Allah’s Apostle and read it wherein was writ –
ten:
“In the Name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. This letter is) from Muhammad,
Apostle of Allah, to Heraclius, the sovereign of Byzantine…….. Peace be upon him who follows the
Right Path. Now then, I call you to embrace Islam. Embrace Islam and you will be saved (from Allah’s
Punishment); embrace Islam, and Allah will give you a double reward, but if you reject this, you will
be responsible for the sins of all the people of your kingdom (Allah’s Statement):–“O the people of
the Scripture (Jews and Christians)! Come to a word common to you and us that we worship None
but Allah….bear witness that we are Muslims.’ (3.64)
When he finished reading the letter, voices grew louder near him and there was a great hue and
cry, and we were ordered to go out.” Abu Sufyan added, “While coming out, I said to my companions,
‘The situation of Ibn Abu Kabsha (i.e. Muhammad) has become strong; even the king of Banu Al-As –
far is afraid of him.’ So I continued to believe that Allah’s Apostle would be victorious, till Allah made
me embrace Islam.” Az-Zuhri said, “Heraclius then invited all the chiefs of the Byzantines and had
them assembled in his house and said, ‘O group of Byzantines! Do you wish to have a permanent
success and guidance and that your kingdom should remain with you?’ (Immediately after hearing
that), they rushed towards the gate like onagers, but they found them closed. Heraclius then said,
‘Bring them back to me.’ So he called them and said, ‘I just wanted to test the strength of your adher –
ence to your religion. Now I have observed of you that which I like.’ Then the people fell in prostra –
tion before him and became pleased with him.” (See Hadith No. 6,Vol 1)
Volume 6, Book 60, Number 76:
Narrated Anas bin Malik:
Out of all the Ansar, living in Medina, Abu Talha had the largest number of (date palm trees) gar –
dens, and the most beloved of his property to him was Bairuha garden which was standing opposite
the Mosque (of the Prophet). Allah’s Apostle used to enter it and drink of its good water. When the
Verse:–“By no means shall you attain righteousness unless you spend (in charity) of that which you
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love.” (3.92) Abu Talha got up and said, “O Allah’s Apostle, Allah says:–“By no means shall you attain
righteousness unless you spend (in charity) of that which you love.” (3.92) and the most beloved of
my property to me is the Bairuha garden, so I give it (as a charitable gift) in Allah’s Cause and hope
to receive good out of it, and to have it stored for me with Allah. So, O Allah’s Apostle! Dispose it of
(i.e. utilize it) in the way Allah orders you (to dispose it of).” Allah’s Apostle said, “Bravo! That is a
fruitful property! That is a fruitful property! I have heard what you have said and I think that you
should distribute that (garden) amongst your relatives.” The Abu Talha distributed that garden
amongst his relatives and his cousins.
Volume 6, Book 60, Number 61:
Narrated Abu Huraira:
Allah’s Apostle said, “We have more right to be in doubt than Abraham when he said, ‘My Lord!
Show me how You give life to the dead.’ He said, ‘Do you not believe?’ He said, ‘Yes (I believe) but to
be stronger in Faith.’ “(2.260)
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Volume 6, Book 60, Number 77:
Narrated Yahya bin Yahya:
I learnt from Malik, “..a fruitful property.”
Volume 6, Book 60, Number 62:
Narrated Ubaid bin Umair: Once ‘Umar (bin Al-Khattab) said to the companions of the Prophet
“What do you think about this Verse:–“Does any of you wish that he should have a garden?” They
replied, “Allah knows best.” ‘Umar became angry and said, “Either say that you know or say that you
do not know!” On that Ibn Abbas said, “O chief of the believers! I have something in my mind to say
about it.” Umar said, “O son of my brother! Say, and do not under estimate yourself.” Ibn Abbas said,
“This Verse has been set up as an example for deeds.” Umar said, “What kind of deeds?” Ibn Abbas
said, “For deeds.” Umar said, “This is an example for a rich man who does goods out of obedience of
Allah and then Allah sends him Satan whereupon he commits sins till all his good deeds are lost.”