Volume 3

Volume 3, Book 50, Number 891:
Narrated Al-Miswar bin Makhrama and Marwan:
(whose narrations attest each other) Allah’s Apostle set out at the time of Al-Hudaibiya (treaty),
and when they proceeded for a distance, he said, “Khalid bin Al-Walid leading the cavalry of
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Quraish constituting the front of the army, is at a place called Al-Ghamim, so take the way on the
right.” By Allah, Khalid did not perceive the arrival of the Muslims till the dust arising from the
march of the Muslim army reached him, and then he turned back hurriedly to inform Quraish. The
Prophet went on advancing till he reached the Thaniyya (i.e. a mountainous way) through which
one would go to them (i.e. people of Quraish). The she-camel of the Prophet sat down. The people
tried their best to cause the she-camel to get up but in vain, so they said, “Al-Qaswa’ (i.e. the she-
camel’s name) has become stubborn! Al-Qaswa’ has become stubborn!” The Prophet said, “Al-Qaswa’
has not become stubborn, for stubbornness is not her habit, but she was stopped by Him Who
stopped the elephant.” Then he said, “By the Name of Him in Whose Hands my soul is, if they (i.e. the
Quraish infidels) ask me anything which will respect the ordinances of Allah, I will grant it to them.”
The Prophet then rebuked the she-camel and she got up. The Prophet changed his way till he dis –
mounted at the farthest end of Al-Hudaibiya at a pit (i.e. well) containing a little water which the
people used in small amounts, and in a short while the people used up all its water and complained
to Allah’s Apostle; of thirst. The Prophet took an arrow out of his arrow-case and ordered them to put
the arrow in that pit. By Allah, the water started and continued sprouting out till all the people
quenched their thirst and returned with satisfaction. While they were still in that state, Budail bin
Warqa-al-Khuza’i came with some persons from his tribe Khuza’a and they were the advisers of Al –
lah’s Apostle who would keep no secret from him and were from the people of Tihama. Budail said, “I
left Kab bin Luai and ‘Amir bin Luai residing at the profuse water of Al-Hudaibiya and they had
milch camels (or their women and children) with them, and will wage war against you, and will
prevent you from visiting the Kaba.” Allah’s Apostle said, “We have not come to fight anyone, but to
perform the ‘Umra. No doubt, the war has weakened Quraish and they have suffered great losses, so
if they wish, I will conclude a truce with them, during which they should refrain from interfering
between me and the people (i.e. the ‘Arab infidels other than Quraish), and if I have victory over
those infidels, Quraish will have the option to embrace Islam as the other people do, if they wish;
they will at least get strong enough to fight. But if they do not accept the truce, by Allah in Whose
Hands my life is, I will fight with them defending my Cause till I get killed, but (I am sure) Allah will
definitely make His Cause victorious.” Budail said, “I will inform them of what you have said.” So, he
set off till he reached Quraish and said, “We have come from that man (i.e. Muhammad) whom we
heard saying something which we will disclose to you if you should like.” Some of the fools among
Quraish shouted that they were not in need of this information, but the wiser among them said, “Re –
late what you heard him saying.” Budail said, “I heard him saying so-and-so,” relating what the
Prophet had told him.
Urwa bin Mas’ud got up and said, “O people! Aren’t you the sons? They said, “Yes.” He added, “Am I
not the father?” They said, “Yes.” He said, “Do you mistrust me?” They said, “No.” He said, “Don’t you
know that I invited the people of ‘Ukaz for your help, and when they refused I brought my relatives
and children and those who obeyed me (to help you)?” They said, “Yes.” He said, “Well, this man (i.e.
the Prophet) has offered you a reasonable proposal, you’d better accept it and allow me to meet him.”
They said, “You may meet him.” So, he went to the Prophet and started talking to him. The Prophet
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told him almost the same as he had told Budail. Then Urwa said, “O Muhammad! Won’t you feel any
scruple in extirpating your relations? Have you ever heard of anyone amongst the Arabs extirpating
his relatives before you? On the other hand, if the reverse should happen, (nobody will aid you, for)
by Allah, I do not see (with you) dignified people, but people from various tribes who would run
away leaving you alone.” Hearing that, Abu Bakr abused him and said, “Do you say we would run
and leave the Prophet alone?” Urwa said, “Who is that man?” They said, “He is Abu Bakr.” Urwa said
to Abu Bakr, “By Him in Whose Hands my life is, were it not for the favor which you did to me and
which I did not compensate, I would retort on you.” Urwa kept on talking to the Prophet and seizing
the Prophet’s beard as he was talking while Al-Mughira bin Shu’ba was standing near the head of
the Prophet, holding a sword and wearing a helmet. Whenever Urwa stretched his hand towards the
beard of the Prophet, Al-Mughira would hit his hand with the handle of the sword and say (to
Urwa), “Remove your hand from the beard of Allah’s Apostle.” Urwa raised his head and asked, “Who
is that?” The people said, “He is Al-Mughira bin Shu’ba.” Urwa said, “O treacherous! Am I not doing
my best to prevent evil consequences of your treachery?”
Before embracing Islam Al-Mughira was in the company of some people. He killed them and took
their property and came (to Medina) to embrace Islam. The Prophet said (to him, “As regards your Is –
lam, I accept it, but as for the property I do not take anything of it. (As it was taken through treason).
Urwa then started looking at the Companions of the Prophet. By Allah, whenever Allah’s Apostle spat,
the spittle would fall in the hand of one of them (i.e. the Prophet’s companions) who would rub it on
his face and skin; if he ordered them they would carry his orders immediately; if he performed ablu –
tion, they would struggle to take the remaining water; and when they spoke to him, they would
lower their voices and would not look at his face constantly out of respect. Urwa returned to his
people and said, “O people! By Allah, I have been to the kings and to Caesar, Khosrau and An-Na –
jashi, yet I have never seen any of them respected by his courtiers as much as Muhammad is respec –
ted by his companions. By Allah, if he spat, the spittle would fall in the hand of one of them (i.e. the
Prophet’s companions) who would rub it on his face and skin; if he ordered them, they would carry
out his order immediately; if he performed ablution, they would struggle to take the remaining wa –
ter; and when they spoke, they would lower their voices and would not look at his face constantly
out of respect.” Urwa added, “No doubt, he has presented to you a good reasonable offer, so please
accept it.” A man from the tribe of Bani Kinana said, “Allow me to go to him,” and they allowed him,
and when he approached the Prophet and his companions, Allah’s Ap le I said, “He is so-and-so who
belongs to the tribe that respects the Budn (i.e. camels of the sacrifice). So, bring the Budn in front of
him.” So, the Budn were brought before him and the people received him while they were reciting
Talbiya. When he saw that scene, he said, “Glorified be Allah! It is not fair to prevent these people
from visiting the Ka’ba.” When he returned to his people, he said, ‘I saw the Budn garlanded (with
colored knotted ropes) and marked (with stabs on their backs). I do not think it is advisable to pre –
vent them from visiting the Ka’ba.” Another person called Mikraz bin Hafs got up and sought their
permission to go to Muhammad, and they allowed him, too. When he approached the Muslims, the
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Prophet said, “Here is Mikraz and he is a vicious man.” Mikraz started talking to the Prophet and as
he was talking, Suhail bin Amr came.
When Suhail bin Amr came, the Prophet said, “Now the matter has become easy.” Suhail said to the
Prophet “Please conclude a peace treaty with us.” So, the Prophet called the clerk and said to him,
“Write: By the Name of Allah, the most Beneficent, the most Merciful.” Suhail said, “As for ‘Beneficent,’
by Allah, I do not know what it means. So write: By Your Name O Allah, as you used to write previ –
ously.” The Muslims said, “By Allah, we will not write except: By the Name of Allah, the most Benefi –
cent, the most Merciful.” The Prophet said, “Write: By Your Name O Allah.” Then he dictated, “This is
the peace treaty which Muhammad, Allah’s Apostle has concluded.” Suhail said, “By Allah, if we
knew that you are Allah’s Apostle we would not prevent you from visiting the Kaba, and would not
fight with you. So, write: “Muhammad bin Abdullah.” The Prophet said, “By Allah! I am Apostle of Al –
lah even if you people do not believe me. Write: Muhammad bin Abdullah.” (Az-Zuhri said, “The
Prophet accepted all those things, as he had already said that he would accept everything they would
demand if it respects the ordinance of Allah, (i.e. by letting him and his companions perform ‘Umra.)”
The Prophet said to Suhail, “On the condition that you allow us to visit the House (i.e. Ka’ba) so that
we may perform Tawaf around it.” Suhail said, “By Allah, we will not (allow you this year) so as not
to give chance to the ‘Arabs to say that we have yielded to you, but we will allow you next year.” So,
the Prophet got that written.
Then Suhail said, “We also stipulate that you should return to us whoever comes to you from us,
even if he embraced your religion.” The Muslims said, “Glorified be Allah! How will such a person be
returned to the pagans after he has become a Muslim? While they were in this state Abu- Jandal bin
Suhail bin ‘Amr came from the valley of Mecca staggering with his fetters and fell down amongst the
Muslims. Suhail said, “O Muhammad! This is the very first term with which we make peace with
you, i.e. you shall return Abu Jandal to me.” The Prophet said, “The peace treaty has not been written
yet.” Suhail said, “I will never allow you to keep him.” The Prophet said, “Yes, do.” He said, “I won’t do.:
Mikraz said, “We allow you (to keep him).” Abu Jandal said, “O Muslims! Will I be returned to the
pagans though I have come as a Muslim? Don’t you see how much I have suffered?”
Abu Jandal had been tortured severely for the Cause of Allah. Umar bin Al-Khattab said, “I went to
the Prophet and said, ‘Aren’t you truly the Apostle of Allah?’ The Prophet said, ‘Yes, indeed.’ I said,
‘Isn’t our Cause just and the cause of the enemy unjust?’ He said, ‘Yes.’ I said, ‘Then why should we be
humble in our religion?’ He said, ‘I am Allah’s Apostle and I do not disobey Him, and He will make
me victorious.’ I said, ‘Didn’t you tell us that we would go to the Ka’ba and perform Tawaf around it?’
He said, ‘Yes, but did I tell you that we would visit the Ka’ba this year?’ I said, ‘No.’ He said, ‘So you
will visit it and perform Tawaf around it?’ ” Umar further said, “I went to Abu Bakr and said, ‘O Abu
Bakr! Isn’t he truly Allah’s Prophet?’ He replied, ‘Yes.’ I said, ‘Then why should we be humble in our
religion?’ He said, ‘Indeed, he is Allah’s Apostle and he does not disobey his Lord, and He will make
him victorious. Adhere to him as, by Allah, he is on the right.’ I said, ‘Was he not telling us that we
would go to the Kaba and perform Tawaf around it?’ He said, ‘Yes, but did he tell you that you would
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go to the Ka’ba this year?’ I said, ‘No.’ He said, “You will go to Ka’ba and perform Tawaf around it.”
(Az-Zuhri said, ” ‘Umar said, ‘I performed many good deeds as expiation for the improper questions I
asked them.’ “)
When the writing of the peace treaty was concluded, Allah’s Apostle said to his companions, “Get
up and’ slaughter your sacrifices and get your head shaved.” By Allah none of them got up, and the
Prophet repeated his order thrice. When none of them got up, he left them and went to Um Salama
and told her of the people’s attitudes towards him. Um Salama said, “O the Prophet of Allah! Do you
want your order to be carried out? Go out and don’t say a word to anybody till you have slaughtered
your sacrifice and call your barber to shave your head.” So, the Prophet went out and did not talk to
anyone of them till he did that, i.e. slaughtered the sacrifice and called his barber who shaved his
head. Seeing that, the companions of the Prophet got up, slaughtered their sacrifices, and started
shaving the heads of one another, and there was so much rush that there was a danger of killing
each other. Then some believing women came (to the Prophet ); and Allah revealed the following Di –
vine Verses:–
“O you who believe, when the believing women come to you as emigrants examine them . . .”
(60.10)
Umar then divorced two wives of his who were infidels. Later on Muawiya bin Abu Sufyan mar –
ried one of them, and Safwan bin Umaya married the other. When the Prophet returned to Medina,
Abu Basir, a new Muslim convert from Quraish came to him. The Infidels sent in his pursuit two
men who said (to the Prophet ), “Abide by the promise you gave us.” So, the Prophet handed him over
to them. They took him out (of the City) till they reached Dhul-Hulaifa where they dismounted to eat
some dates they had with them. Abu Basir said to one of them, “By Allah, O so-and-so, I see you have
a fine sword.” The other drew it out (of the scabbard) and said, “By Allah, it is very fine and I have
tried it many times.” Abu Bair said, “Let me have a look at it.”
When the other gave it to him, he hit him with it till he died, and his companion ran away till he
came to Medina and entered the Mosque running. When Allah’s Apostle saw him he said, “This man
appears to have been frightened.” When he reached the Prophet he said, “My companion has been
murdered and I would have been murdered too.” Abu Basir came and said, “O Allah’s Apostle, by Al –
lah, Allah has made you fulfill your obligations by your returning me to them (i.e. the Infidels), but
Allah has saved me from them.” The Prophet said, “Woe to his mother! what excellent war kindler he
would be, should he only have supporters.” When Abu Basir heard that he understood that the
Prophet would return him to them again, so he set off till he reached the seashore. Abu Jandal bin
Suhail got himself released from them (i.e. infidels) and joined Abu Basir. So, whenever a man from
Quraish embraced Islam he would follow Abu Basir till they formed a strong group. By Allah,
whenever they heard about a caravan of Quraish heading towards Sham, they stopped it and at –
tacked and killed them (i.e. infidels) and took their properties. The people of Quraish sent a message
to the Prophet requesting him for the Sake of Allah and Kith and kin to send for (i.e. Abu Basir and
his companions) promising that whoever (amongst them) came to the Prophet would be secure. So
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the Prophet sent for them (i.e. Abu Basir’s companions) and Allah I revealed the following Divine
Verses:
“And it is He Who Has withheld their hands from you and your hands From them in the midst of
Mecca, After He made you the victorious over them. . . . the unbelievers had pride and haughtiness,
in their hearts . . . the pride and haughtiness of the time of ignorance.” (48.24-26) And their pride
and haughtiness was that they did not confess (write in the treaty) that he (i.e. Muhammad) was the
Prophet of Allah and refused to write: “In the Name of Allah, the most Beneficent, the Most Merciful,”
and prevented the Mushriks from visiting the Ka’ba.
Narrated Az-Zuhri: Urwa said, “Aisha told me that Allah’s Apostle used to examine the women
emigrants. We have been told also that when Allah revealed the order that the Muslims should re –
turn to the pagans what they had spent on their wives who emigrated (after embracing Islam) and
that the Mushriks should not. keep unbelieving women as their wives, ‘Umar divorced two of his
wives, Qariba, the daughter of Abu Urhaiya and the daughter of Jarwal Al-Khuza’i. Later on
Mu’awlya married Qariba and Abu Jahm married the other.”
When the pagans refused to pay what the Muslims had spent on their wives, Allah revealed: “And
if any of your wives have gone from you to the unbelievers and you have an accession (By the com –
ing over of a woman from the other side) (Then pay to those whose wives have gone) The equivalent
of what they had spent (On their Mahr).” (60.11)
So, Allah ordered that the Muslim whose wife, has gone, should be given, as a compensation of the
Mahr he had given to his wife, from the Mahr of the wives of the pagans who had emigrated desert –
ing their husbands.
We do not know any of the women emigrants who deserted Islam after embracing it. We have
also been told that Abu Basir bin Asid Ath-Thaqafi came to the Prophet as a Muslim emigrant during
the truce. Al-Akhnas bin Shariq wrote to the Prophet requesting him to return Abu Basir.